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The 13th amendment to the United States Constitution, which abolished slavery, was passed by the House of Representatives on January 31, 1865. It had already been passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864. This is a list of the Senators and how they voted. It is noted that the Republican Senators who voted against the amendment did not disagree with it, but rather, felt it was not necessary. Abraham Lincoln was a Republican, so the dissenters were going against their party's position. The Gazette & Courier was the newspaper in Greenfield, Massachusetts, from July 20, 1841 until June 24, 1932. Before 1841 the newspaper's name changed quite frequently, with Gazette a frequent part of the title.